隨著互聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)與應(yīng)用的快速發(fā)展，云計(jì)算，云存儲(chǔ)，大數(shù)據(jù)等相關(guān)新型互聯(lián)網(wǎng)業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模與日俱增，數(shù)據(jù)中心進(jìn)入規(guī)模化建設(shè)階段。數(shù)據(jù)中心巨大規(guī)模的建設(shè)與應(yīng)用，導(dǎo)致數(shù)據(jù)中心對(duì)供電需求快速增長(zhǎng)，根據(jù)ICT Research 機(jī)構(gòu)預(yù)測(cè)，2016年的中國(guó)數(shù)據(jù)中心耗電量已逾1000億千瓦時(shí)，相當(dāng)于三峽水電站年發(fā)電總量。于此同時(shí)，全球數(shù)據(jù)中心用電量也已超過(guò)10000億千瓦時(shí)。據(jù)美國(guó)媒體調(diào)查，全球各大網(wǎng)站僅數(shù)據(jù)中心的用電功率，就相當(dāng)于30個(gè)核電站的供電功率，巨大的用電容量給數(shù)據(jù)中心的建設(shè)和運(yùn)營(yíng)都帶來(lái)了全新的挑戰(zhàn)。
With the rapid development of Internet technology and application, the scale of cloud computing, cloud storage, big data and other related new Internet business is increasing day by day, and the data center has entered the stage of large-scale construction. The huge scale construction and application of the data center has led to the rapid growth of the power supply demand of the data center. According to the forecast of ICT research organization, the power consumption of China's data center in 2016 has exceeded 100 billion kwh, equivalent to the total annual power generation of the Three Gorges Hydropower Station. At the same time, the global data center power consumption has exceeded 100 billion kwh. According to the US media survey, the power consumption of the data center of the world's major websites is equivalent to that of 30 nuclear power plants. The huge power consumption capacity has brought new challenges to the construction and operation of the data center.
目前在數(shù)據(jù)中心運(yùn)營(yíng)過(guò)程中，由于電力故障，設(shè)備故障，雷擊事件等導(dǎo)致的數(shù)據(jù)中心用電安全事故時(shí)有發(fā)生。事實(shí)上，數(shù)據(jù)中心的用電故障帶來(lái)的損失不僅僅是數(shù)百上千萬(wàn)美元的直接經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，對(duì)于眾多國(guó)際知名品牌與上市公司來(lái)說(shuō)，品牌和股價(jià)等隱形價(jià)值的負(fù)面影響難以估量。
At present, in the process of data center operation, due to power failure, equipment failure, lightning events, etc., data center power safety accidents occur from time to time. In fact, the power failure of the data center will not only cause direct economic losses of tens of millions of dollars, but also the negative impact of invisible values such as brand and stock price for many international famous brands and listed companies.
隨著新型功率半導(dǎo)體器件的發(fā)展，新型電力電子電能變化拓?fù)涞陌l(fā)明與應(yīng)用，以及現(xiàn)代控制理論與數(shù)字控制技術(shù)的發(fā)展，數(shù)據(jù)中心不間斷供電技術(shù)得到了顯著的提升，對(duì)供電系統(tǒng)的可靠性，成本與技能，配置靈活性和可擴(kuò)展性等提供了有效的技術(shù)支撐。
With the development of new power semiconductor devices, the invention and application of new power electronic power change topology, and the development of modern control theory and digital control technology, uninterrupted power supply technology in data center has been significantly improved, which provides effective technical support for the reliability, cost and skills, configuration flexibility and scalability of power supply system.
大型數(shù)據(jù)中心供電的任何故障都可能給業(yè)主和客戶帶來(lái)重大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失或者災(zāi)難性的后果。因此，數(shù)據(jù)中心能否可靠運(yùn)營(yíng)的關(guān)鍵之一是IT設(shè)備的不間斷供電。在保證不間斷供電的前提下，不斷提升不間斷供電架構(gòu)的可靠性，是數(shù)據(jù)中心用戶一直以來(lái)的核心需求。
Any failure of power supply in large data center may bring great economic loss or disastrous consequences to owners and customers. Therefore, one of the keys to the reliable operation of data center is the uninterrupted power supply of IT equipment. On the premise of ensuring uninterrupted power supply, improving the reliability of uninterrupted power supply architecture is always the core demand of data center users.
通常數(shù)據(jù)中心不間斷供電系統(tǒng)一般包括高壓配電系統(tǒng)，變壓器，柴油發(fā)電機(jī)組，低壓配電系統(tǒng)，防雷器，UPS，電池組，列頭柜，機(jī)架分配單元（PDU），連接器等組成環(huán)節(jié)。其中UPS作為不間斷供電系統(tǒng)的核心部件，起到舉足輕重的作用。為了使不間斷供電系統(tǒng)始終保持高效的運(yùn)作，在特定環(huán)境下，選擇雙轉(zhuǎn)換在線式可能更為合適。特別是在 AC 電源高度失真和/或具有極大電壓變化的地理區(qū)域，雙轉(zhuǎn)換在線式 UPS 無(wú)需頻繁轉(zhuǎn)換到電池供電即可維持正常輸出。較低的電池使用率可以保存電池容量以應(yīng)對(duì)長(zhǎng)時(shí)間的斷電事故，并延長(zhǎng)電池使用壽命。此外，降低電池更換成本可以抵消在線互動(dòng)式 UPS 低初始成本和低運(yùn)營(yíng)成本的優(yōu)勢(shì)。在某些特殊的情況下可能需要使用雙轉(zhuǎn)換在線式 UPS，比如對(duì)于某些醫(yī)療設(shè)備或儀器，需要進(jìn)行功率因數(shù)校正(PFC)、要求較小的物理尺寸或需要進(jìn)行頻率轉(zhuǎn)換等等。前文提到的高效包括：
Generally, uninterrupted power supply system of data center generally includes high-voltage distribution system, transformer, diesel generator set, low-voltage distribution system, lightning arrester, UPS, battery pack, column cabinet, rack distribution unit (PDU), connector and other components. UPS, as the core component of uninterrupted power supply system, plays an important role. In order to keep the uninterrupted power supply system operating efficiently, it may be more appropriate to choose the double conversion on-line mode in a specific environment. Especially in geographic areas where AC power supply is highly distorted and / or has great voltage variation, dual conversion On-line UPS can maintain normal output without frequent switching to battery power supply. Low battery utilization can save battery capacity to cope with long-term power failure and prolong battery life. In addition, reducing the cost of battery replacement can offset the advantages of low initial cost and low operating cost of Online Interactive UPS. In some special cases, double conversion On-line UPS may be used, such as power factor correction (PFC), smaller physical size or frequency conversion, etc. for some medical devices or instruments. The efficiency mentioned above includes:
2 轉(zhuǎn)換效率高(Po/Pin>96%)
2. High conversion efficiency (PO / pin > 96%)
2 輸入電流波形的正弦波畸變率?。?lt;5%）
The sine wave distortion rate of 2 input current waveform is small (< 5%)
2 優(yōu)異的動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)載跟隨相應(yīng)
2 excellent dynamic load follow corresponding
2 N+X的冗余工作模式
Redundancy mode of 2 N + X
為使UPS工作在上述的高效模式，這其中離不開(kāi)電量傳感器對(duì)一些關(guān)鍵位置的電壓和電流信息的量測(cè)。
In order to make ups work in the above-mentioned high-efficiency mode, it is necessary to measure the voltage and current information of some key positions by the power sensor.
